Public art is a form of artistic expression that is commissioned for a location outside of the traditional gallery setting. It is designed specifically to be seen by a wide audience and often reflects the culture, history, and people of the community it is intended for. It enlivens the urban landscape and fosters a sense of civic pride.
The most common type of public art is sculpture, with monumental statues and memorials a popular choice for commemorating famous historical figures or events. The Statue of Liberty and Mount Rushmore are famous examples in the United States, while the Rodina Mat (Motherland) in Ukraine honors the millions of Soviet citizens who died during World War II.
Static public art is another popular category, featuring a statue or monument that does not move and stands in one place. The iconic Angel of the North in Newcastle, UK, is a prime example of how a static piece can embody a city’s identity as it evolves through cultural changes.
A growing number of public artworks are also integrated into urban infrastructure, such as buildings or parks. Often this involves murals or sculptures that are painted on the sides of buildings, but can also include paintings in public spaces, functional art like street furniture and signage, and digital new media works.
While the majority of public art is designed to interpret the culture and history of a particular area, some artists choose to use it as a platform for political or social commentary. For example, American artist Keith Haring used his murals to challenge societal taboos around homosexuality and the AIDS epidemic. Regardless of its purpose, public art is a vital component in the democratization of culture. It allows people of all backgrounds and income levels to experience the beauty, creativity, and transformation that can be inspired by art.
Public art is typically funded by local government or private donors, and it is meant to be enjoyed by the entire community. As such, moving a work from its original location to a different one violates the spirit of the artwork as it was originally intended. This is especially true when it comes to the Parthenon Marbles, which were removed from the Greek temple in the 19th century and are now displayed in the British Museum.
The city of Santa Ana, California is a great example of how to successfully integrate public art into its community. The city incorporates the work of local artists into all forms of transportation, including its bus systems and train stations, to connect its residents and visitors with the culture they are experiencing on their journey through the metropolis. By fostering a sense of community through its public art, Santa Ana has become a desirable destination for meetings and events. Visit their website to learn more about this incredible city.